Lock



Oct. 10, 1933- e E. MAXWELL ET AL LOCK Filed July 21. 1950 2Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORS.

W -V. QWTTORNEY.

Oct. 10, 1933.

G. E. MAXWELL ET AL LOCK Filed July 21. 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1NVENTOR5W w u- W W 4/. ATTORNEY.

Patented Oct. 10, 1933 OFFICE LOCK George Edson Maxwell, Englewood, andEdward 1 Anderson, Denver, Colo.

Application uly: 21, 1930. Serial No. 469,339.

8 Claims.. (01. 7029) 1 Our invention pertains to door, lock. sets andin the on position and with the night lock catch H more especially togravity door lock sets.

The object of our invention is to provide door lock set that shallfunction throughout by gravity and without the usual springs.

A further object is to provide such a lock set with a non-pickablekey-lock whose tumblers are operated-by gravity and are without springs.

A further object is to provide a lock set having a night look by whichthe lock may be looked as positively and safely as with the key lock,and which may be unlocked by the proper key.

A further object is to provide a door lock set having a night lock witha catch, which when set will make it impossible to unlock the lock evenwith the proper key.

A further object is to provide such a lock set in which either a commonturning knob, or a thumb lever, or both, may be usedon the same look atthe same time, with both able to function independent of the other.

A further object is to provide a gravity-operated door lock set in whichthe striker is so constructed as to hold the latch-bolt in the openposition for a predetermined distance of its travel during which it willnot be in motion but will be ready to drop into the slot and will there-'fore fall and latch the door even whenit is violently slammed. v

A further object is to provide such a door lock set having all the abovefeatures and in which the latch-bolt acts as the bolt and locking thelatchbolt against movement locks the door.

i A further object is to provide a lock in which allthe abovefeatures'are combined and which -may be made asdifficult to' pick asthehighest construction that is-cheap priced looks with a 'tomanufacture. I

Our invention is described more in detail herewhich;--

Figure l showsour door lock set and a portion f of the door and frame,in partial section, the latch-bolt being closed, but the night lock inthe off position.

Figure. 2 shows fragmentary striker. I

Figure 3 shows a to the right.

elevation of the to the left. i I

Figure 5 is a detail showing the'lock unlocked but the night lock in theon position.

' Figure 6 is a detail showing the night .lock

inafter and is illustrated in the drawings, in

.:be made as shown or in anyof the otherwell detail with the knob turnedFigure .9. Figure 4 shows a detailwith theknob turned A set V 7 I Figure7 is a partial section showing the thumb lever.

Figure 8 is a detail ofthe .night. lock gravity lever and shaft. a

Figure 9 is a detail of the locking lever. Figure 10 is a detail of thegravity tumbler. Figure 11 is-aside view of the key. The gravitylatch-bolt 2, pivoted on the case .5

10 and cover 11 by the pin 3 contacts the striker 1 at about the point Aof Figure 2 with its contact face 2'. The latch-bolt 2 is moved upwardabout the pin 3-as a center, the face 2 following the dotted curve D ofFigure 1. The-.face2f at the same time'follows along the striker l asindicated by the dotted line of Figurei2, till it .has raised its outercorner to the pointD of Figure 1. This permits the latch-bolt 2 totravel along the dotted line B of Figure2till it may drop into strikerslot as at 0. During the time the latch-bolt moves along the dotted lineB it. is

stationaryv with respect to its pivot pin 3, and

hence it is ready to at once drop into the slot of the striker 1 when itis reached. That is, this period of rest along. the line B gives time.for any inertia effect to be overcome which may have square aperture forthe reception of the knob shaft 26. The roll-back 6 if turned vtotheright contacts the face4 and if. turned to. the left contacts the face.5 in either case raising or .tend- -9 ing to raise -the latch-bolt2,,about its pivot pin 3. The thumb lever '7. whichfits through theslots 8 inthe-lplates '8, may contact the gravity latch-bolt 2 as at Kthrough anopening through the case 10 and cover 11. It will be'seen thateither lifting or depressing either end offthe thumb lever-Twill raiseor tend to raise the gravity latch-bolt 2. [Either end of the lever 7'may knownforms for such a lever.

The toggle 13 is", pivoted to thegravity latchbolt 2 by'the pin 12.-.The dog 14 is pivoted in the .case 10 and the cover 11 by its'hubs.14, and is provided with the toggle-receivingslot l4. See

x05 When the key operated tumbler 20 is in the un- I locked position asin Figure 5, and the night lock is ofi,th at. is, in the dotted lineposition shown Y in Figure 5, the gravity latch-bolt 2 may be raisedbyeither the knob 25 or the-thumb lever 7 ,.-the

fit is as safe as a bolt lock.

toggle then passing freely through the slot 14" of the dog 14. When thekey operated tumbler 20 is in the unlocked position shown in Figure 5,with the night lock on, as shown in full lines, then the dog 14, bymeans of the toggle 13, prevents the raising of the latch-bolt 2 byeither the thumb lever 7 or the knob 25.

When the look is in the locked position as shown inFigure 1, the dog 1%will always be in the position shown, and if the gravity lever is asshown at 15, the proper key may unlock the key tumbler 20 and place itin the position shown'in Figure 5, by moving the gravity tumblers 18 toregister with the holes 20' so that pressure of the key on the face 20"will move thekeyoperated tumbler 20 downward along the gravitytumblers18; the positions of the levers 1 1 .and 15 being shown by dotted linesin Figure 5.

The toggle 13 will follow the key operated tumbler 20 in its downwardmovement and may then move freely through the 510d] 14" of the lockinglever 14 as before and permit the raising ofthe latch bolt 2, -by-eitherthe knob 25 or the thumb lever 7.

If, however,the-night-tumbler gravity lever 15 is in the on or lockedposition shown at 15' in Figure Land the key lock 20 is locked asshownin Figure 1, then, when the key unlocks the tumbler 20, the dog 14 andthe lever 15 will follow the tumbler 20 downward with the toggle 13 tothe full line position shown for the '.dog 14 -and the lever '15 inFigure 5. That is, when the night lock is on, and the key lockis locked,the key will unlock the key look but will not unlock the night lock andhence the latchbolt .2 can not be-raised. In order to get in, in

sucha caseythehouseholder will then have to lock the key look by a quicksnap of the key.

which will raise the tumbler 20 so quickly that the inertia of the lever15 will throw it over the 'center'to the position shown at 15 in ,Figure1 and the night lock will remain in the "dotted line position shown inFigureg5, so that the toggle 13 will pass through the slot 14 of the dogand permit the latch-bolt 2 to be raised after tumbler 20 has beenretracted.

If :however it is desired to prevent operation of the look by 'a keyfrom the outside, the lock may be put in the unlocked position shown inFigure 5, and the night lock set in the on position, and the 'catch 23may then be moved till its flange 23 is :over the ball of the gravitylever 15. Thus, though the key lock is in the unlocked position, thelatch-bolt 2 is positively locked by the night lock and its catch, andno key nor pick can unlock it. In other words It will be noted that thetumbler weights 19 are slightly recessed asyshown by the cavity 18". Thehole '18 of the gravity tumbler is a free fit on the tumbler pivot 22,so that the gravity tumblers 18 will normally hang out of line with theholes 20 both radially and aX'ialIy so' that any key in order to operatethe lock will have to position the tumblers in both directions.

The gravity lever shaft 16' has a flange 16' which bears against theinner face of the adjacent plate 8, thus holding the shaft 16in thesquare hole of the dog 14. The shaft 16 is also provided with a slot 16"for the reception of the retaining pin 1'7. The slot 16" permits a 3predetermined amount of movement between the shaft 16 and the lever 15,while retaining the lever 15 on the shaft 16. The reason for thisrelative movement of lever and shaft is that in order to get over thecenter the lever 15 must have more angular movement than would beprovided by a tight connection with the dog 14.

The key 28 has two tumbler notches which gather and direct the gravitytumblers from any position and line them up with the holes 20'. The heel19 limits the angular movement of the :gravity' tumblers when the lockis looked, as shown in Fig-urel.

There is one gravity tumbler on each side of the tumbler 20, both ofthem mounted on the pivot 22. The free fit of the gravity tumblers onthe pivot 22 and the uneven distribution of weight 19 will cause thegravity tumblers to fall over sidewise till stopped by the tumbler 20 orthe case 10 or cover 11, The distribution of weight in the-weights 19may vary if desired to throw the gravity tumbler to either one side orthe other.

The tumbler notches of the key 28 must have sides 30 wide enough togather the gravity tumblers l8 regardless of their position and bycentering'thein in the bottom of the notches'line them up axially on thepivot 22 with the holes 20'; and the depth of the notch bottoms 29 mustbe such as to line up the gravity tumblers angularly with the holes 20'.That is, the key must line up-the gravity tumblers not only axially butradially in order to unlockthe lock.

It will be seen from this, and from the fact that the two gravitytumblers 18 are separated by the tumbler 20, that our lock is one thatcan not be picked. The fit of the gravity tumblers 18 in the holes 20 isin fact so close that even the key 28 must be made very accurately or itwill not unlock the look.

It will now be seen that we have attained all the objects sought. Thatis, the lock operates entirely without springs, and by gravity; thelatch will catch even when the door is slammed; the latch itself islocked by eitherthe key lock or thenight lock; the night lock may be setin the off position and the key lock maythen be locked and unlocked bythe proper key; the night lock may be set in theon position, and if thekey lock happens to be locked slowly, then the key lock must be unlockedby the key by first throwing off the night lockas explained-above, andthen unlocking the key lock; the night lock may be put in the onposition with the key lock unlocked, the key lock then looked quickly bythe key which will throw off the night lock, and the key lock may thenbe unlocked; the thumb lever -may be used either with or withouttheusual knob; and the lock may be unlocked, the night lock set in theon position and the catch put on, and then no key can open the door.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new and desire toprotect by Letters Patent, is as fo1lows;-

1. In a gravity door lock, the combination of a case formed of co-actingparts to be mountedin a door, a gravity-operated latch-bolt having anexterior portion normally not in the case pivotally mounted in the caseand having a hole adjacent said pivotal mounting provided with twoconverging curves located roughly between said exterior portion and saidpivotal mounting, an arm pivotallymounted in the case and cover andreceived by said holeand provided with two curved faces ing curve in thelatch into contact and thereby raise the latch.

2. In a gravity-operated door lock, the combination of a case formed ofco-acting parts, a gravity-operated latch-bolt pivotally mounted in thecase, manually operated means tending to raise the latch-bolt, a togglepivotally mounted on the latch-bolt, a tumbler having a locked and anunlocked position and supporting the free end of said toggle, a dogpivotally mounted in the case and adapted to contact with said toggleand thereby prevent raising of said latch-bolt when the dog and toggleare aligned.

3. In a gravity-operated door lock, the combination of a case formed ofco-acting parts, a gravity-operated latch-bolt pivotally mounted in thecase, manually operated means tending to raise the latch-bolt, a togglepivotally mounted on the latch-bolt, a dog pivotally mounted in the caseand whose free end is adjacent the free end of thetoggle and has araised and a lowered position, a manually operated tumbler having anupper or locked position and a lower or unlocked position and supportingthe free end of said toggle, and gravity held, manually operated meanscarried by said dog, whereby when the free ends of both dog and togglerest upon said tumbler, the contact between them will prevent raisingthe latch-bolt.

4. In a gravity-operated door lock, the combination of a case formed ofco-acting parts, a gravity-operated latch-bolt pivotally mounted in thecase, manually operated means tending to raise the latch-bolt, a togglepivotally mounted on the latch-bolt, a dog pivotally mounted in the caseand whose free end is adjacent the free end of the toggle and has araised and a lowered position, a manually operated tumbler having anupper or locked position and a lower or unlocked position and supportingthe free end of said toggle, and gravity held, manually operated meanscarried by said dog, whereby when the free ends of both dog and togglerest upon said tumbler, the contact between them will preventraising thelatch-bolt, and'a catch adapted to co-operate with said last mentionedmanually operated means and hold the dog in the down position and thetumbler in the unlocked position.

5. The combination in a door lock of a case formed of co-acting parts, akey-operated tumbler having gravity tumbler receiving apertures andmounted for guided key-operated movement in-thecase, gravity tumblers tobe received by the apertures of said tumbler and having a loose pivotalmounting in the case and provided with weights to throw the gravitytumblersnormally out of alignment with the tumbler apertures, alatch-bolt, and means co-acting with said lock to lock the latch-boltagainst movement when the gravity tumblers are not in the tumblersapertures. I

'6. In a gravity-operated door lock, the combination of a case formed ofco-acting parts to be mounted in a door,'a gravity-operated latchboltpivotally mounted in the case, manually operated means to raise thelatch-bolt, a toggle pivotally mounted on the latch-bolt, a tumblerhaving an upper or locked and a lower or unlocked position andsupporting the free end of the toggle, a dog pivotally mounted in thecase and adapted to contact with said toggle and thereby prevent raisingsaid latch-bolt when the lever and toggle are aligned, andgravity-operated key-controlled tumblers mounted in the case andpreventing movement of the tumbler from the locked to the unlockedposition.

7. In a gravity-operated door lock, the combination of a case formed ofco-acting parts to be mounted in a door, a gravity-operated latchboltpivotally mounted in the case, manually operated means tending to raisethe latch-bolt, a toggle pivotally mounted on the latch-bolt, a dogpivotally mounted in the case and having a shaft extending to theinterior of the'door and adapted when aligned with the toggle to preventthe raising of the latch-bolt, gravityoperated means mounted on the dogshaft and having a locked and an unlocked position, and

means mounted on the door to maintain the last mentionedgravity-operated means in the locked position.

8. In a gravity-operated door lock, the combination of a case formed ofco-acting parts to i be mounted in a door, a gravity-operated latohboltpivotally mounted in the case, manually operated means to raise thelatch-bolt, and looking means to prevent the raising of the latchboltincluding gravity operated, key-controlled tumblers within the lock, andgravity operated lockable means on the inner side of the door andindependent of said gravity tumblers.

GEORGE EDSON MAXWELL. EDWARD ANDERSON.

